Between 1689-1748 England and France went to war (in Europe and North America)à The French and Indian War (also known as the Seven Years’ War) was the fourth conflict- started in 1754.
Dispute over the Ohio Valley
Dispute over the Ohio River Valley [[file:/C:/Documents and Settings/userid/My Documents/My Schoolwork/Road to Revolution/FrenchIndianmap.gif|Disputed Area]]– As the British colonists continue to expand into the interior, come into contact with the French and their Indian allies (why called French and Indian War)THEME: EXPANSION
George Washington
George Washington: 22 year old when fighting broke out. Led the troops who fired the first shots of the war.
Fort Duquesne vs Fort Necessity-Background: had been ordered to build a new fort at the start of the Ohio River. When he got there, the French had already built Fort Duquesne.
Washington and his soldiers determined to carry through orders…built up a quick stockade (named it Fort Necessity) and tried to fight off French. Had to surrender.
The Albany Congress
The Albany Congress- representatives from seven colonies met together to decide what to do…Colonies Working Together?//
Goals:
1. Make Alliance with Iroquois Nation
2. Albany Plan of Union- proposed by Benjamin Franklin
-attempt to create one general government for the 13 colonies…Grand Council would have representatives from each colony. Could make laws, raise taxes, and set up defense
-The delegates approved it, but the colonial assemblies didn’t- no one wanted to give up their power.
*Importance: First time the colonies will attempt to unify, realize they will have to work together to beat French. The Battles and War
Slow Start and General Braddock-didn’t understand the terrain or Indian fighting style
Fort Duquesne (Braddock died), Fort William Henry, Fort Ontario
Turn of the Tide- William Pitt and Gen. Wolfe
1757 Pitt becomes head of the British government
Made the war in America his first priority…sent best generals, encouraged colonials to fight by promising them $ and supplies
Tide turned- captured Fort Duquesne…renamed Fort Pitt (Pittsburg) with the leadership of Gen. Wolfe
France’s Colonies Fall- by 1759, the British were pushing the French back.
Battle of Quebec- French capital of New France
City easy to defend on the cliffs…General Wolfe has men climb cliffs at night. By morning surprise the French. Both Montcalm and Wolfe died
Treaty of Paris
Fall of Quebec meant the end of New France- Treaty of Paris signed
Britain gained Canada and all French lands east of Mississippi River except New Orleans.
French also allowed to keep islands in West Indies
Spain lost Florida but gained all French land West of Mississippi and New Orleans
- French and English Warfare
- Between 1689-1748 England and France went to war (in Europe and North America)à The French and Indian War (also known as the Seven Years’ War) was the fourth conflict- started in 1754.
- Dispute over the Ohio Valley
- Dispute over the Ohio River Valley [[file:/C:/Documents and Settings/userid/My Documents/My Schoolwork/Road to Revolution/FrenchIndianmap.gif|Disputed Area]] – As the British colonists continue to expand into the interior, come into contact with the French and their Indian allies (why called French and Indian War) THEME: EXPANSION
- George Washington
- George Washington: 22 year old when fighting broke out. Led the troops who fired the first shots of the war.
- Fort Duquesne vs Fort Necessity- Background: had been ordered to build a new fort at the start of the Ohio River. When he got there, the French had already built Fort Duquesne.
- Washington and his soldiers determined to carry through orders…built up a quick stockade (named it Fort Necessity) and tried to fight off French. Had to surrender.
The Albany Congress- The Albany Congress- representatives from seven colonies met together to decide what to do…Colonies Working Together?//
- Goals:
1. Make Alliance with Iroquois Nation2. Albany Plan of Union- proposed by Benjamin Franklin
-attempt to create one general government for the 13 colonies…Grand Council would have representatives from each colony. Could make laws, raise taxes, and set up defense
-The delegates approved it, but the colonial assemblies didn’t- no one wanted to give up their power.
*Importance: First time the colonies will attempt to unify, realize they will have to work together to beat French.
The Battles and War
- Slow Start and General Braddock- didn’t understand the terrain or Indian fighting style
- Fort Duquesne (Braddock died), Fort William Henry, Fort Ontario
Turn of the Tide- William Pitt and Gen. Wolfe- 1757 Pitt becomes head of the British government
- Made the war in America his first priority…sent best generals, encouraged colonials to fight by promising them $ and supplies
- Tide turned- captured Fort Duquesne…renamed Fort Pitt (Pittsburg) with the leadership of Gen. Wolfe
- France’s Colonies Fall- by 1759, the British were pushing the French back.
- Battle of Quebec- French capital of New France
- City easy to defend on the cliffs…General Wolfe has men climb cliffs at night. By morning surprise the French. Both Montcalm and Wolfe died
Treaty of Paris